论文部分内容阅读
吸收条款起源于美国,并被美国《第二次合同法重述》、《统一商法典》所规定,现在已经被《国际商事合同通则》、《欧洲统一合同法原则》、《CISG-AC第3号意见》所广泛采纳。吸收条款是一种合同条款,约定在书面合同中,目的在于适用口头证据规则,是当事人真实意思的反映。吸收条款广泛适用于买卖合同、租赁合同、消费合同、劳动合同等领域,可以实现委托人对代理行为的控制、限制司法自由裁量权、提高经济效益和交易安全的功能。尽管我国《合同法》没有吸收条款的规定,但吸收条款可依据字义解释优先规则取得优先效力。吸收条款的一般效力应当具有推定的有效性,撤销吸收条款请求人应当承担充分的举证责任,以证明存在可撤销的法定事实。吸收条款的无效适用合同无效的一般规定。
Absorption provisions originated in the United States, and was “the restatement of the second contract law” in the United States, “Uniform Commercial Code” has now been “General Principles of International Commercial Contracts,” “European Uniform Principles of Contract Law,” “CISG-AC 3 Opinions ”widely adopted. Absorption clause is a kind of contract clause, agreed in a written contract, the purpose is to apply the rules of verbal evidence, is a reflection of the true meaning of the parties. Absorption provisions are widely applied to the fields of sale and purchase contracts, lease contracts, consumer contracts and labor contracts, which can realize the functions of the principal in controlling agent behavior, restricting judicial discretion, and improving economic benefits and transaction security. Although China’s “Contract Law” does not contain the provisions of the absorption clause, but the absorption clause can be based on the meaning of the rules of precedence to obtain priority effectiveness. The general validity of the absorption clause should be presumptively valid, and the claimant who rescinds the absorption clause should bear sufficient burden of proof to prove the existence of a revocable statutory fact. Invalid terms of the applicable general provisions of the contract invalid.