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《存在主义是一种人道主义》是萨特在1946年巴黎发表的一个讲演,表达了他后期的哲学思想,讲演主要是针对法国共产党与基督教,“对几种对存在主义的责难为它进行辩护”。同时,萨特在这种辩护中,不仅阐明着自身的基本立场,还在对存在主义原本观点的基础上,又进一步做了改善,使存在主义更加适应社会现实、适应人性人道,从而得以生存。本文以《存在主义是一种人道主义》这篇演讲为线索,结合萨特整个生命阶段的主要哲学思想和著作,阐释了“人道主义”如何嵌入其哲学内核,又如何被其哲学思想所发展的诸多方面,包括:“绝望”中蕴涵的“希望”之力,和萨特对马克思主义和自身存在主义的重大发展等。
“Existentialism is a kind of humanism” is Sartre’s speech delivered in Paris in 1946, which expresses his later philosophical ideas. The lectures are mainly directed at the French Communist Party and Christianity, and “censure several existentialists for it Defense ”. At the same time, in this defense, Sartre not only clarified his own basic position, but also made further improvements on the basis of the original view of existentialism so that existentialism can adapt to social reality and adapt to humanity and survive . This essay takes “Existentialism is a kind of Humanism” as a clue and explains how “Humanism” is embedded into its philosophical kernel and how it is influenced by its philosophical thinking by combining with the main philosophical ideas and writings of Sartre’s whole life stage Many aspects developed include: the power of “hope ” contained in “Despair ” and Sartre ’s significant development in Marxism and existentialism.