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应用温、光敏感核不育系于“两系法”杂交水稻生产是杂交水稻近期发展的趋势。一些育种家正在致力于这方面的研究,且已取得很大进展。1973年,石明松在粳稻“农垦58”中发现湖北光敏核不育水稻。福建农学院1986年也从籼型早稻“5460”群体中发现一些雄性不育株。对这些不育株,1986-1987、1987-1988年冬春在上海植物生理研究所人工气候室进行初步鉴定、选育,但因条件限制,只结合在杂交水稻抽穗期遗传研究的人工气候室中试验,采用温度固定,长短两种光照处理,“5460”和“M58S”作为对照,试验结果曾认为是光周期敏感核不育籼稻。1988年,我们在福州金山自然条件下对此核不育系作不同长短的遮光处理,结果7-8月高温期间各处理均表现不育,为此进一步提出在较高温度、长日照下表现不育,而在常温、短日照下表现可育。
The application of temperature and light sensitive genic male sterile lines in “two lines” hybrid rice production is the recent development trend of hybrid rice. Some breeders are working on research in this area and have made great strides. In 1973, Shi Ming-song in Hubei “Nongken 58” found in Hubei Photo-sensitive genic male sterile rice. Fujian Agricultural College also found some male-sterile plants from the “5460” group of indica early rice in 1986. For these sterile plants, the winter and spring of 1986-1987 and 1987-1988 were initially identified and selected in the artificial climate chamber of Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology, but due to the limited conditions, they were only combined with the artificial climate chamber of hereditary study of heading date of hybrid rice In the experiment, the two treatments were fixed temperature and length, and “5460” and “M58S” were used as control. The result of the experiment was considered as photoperiod-sensitive genic male sterile indica rice. In 1988, we made different lengths of shading treatments on this sterile line in Jinshan, Fuzhou, and the results showed that all the treatments were sterile in July-August during high temperature. To this end, we further proposed that under the condition of higher temperature and long sunshine Infertility, while at room temperature, short days under the performance of fertile.