1 荷兰豆生长发育及其对环境条件的要求1.1 植物学性状荷兰豆有豆科植物型的直根系和根瘤。根系发达,入土可深达1m,但主要根群分布在20～30cm 的土层,根瘤固氮能力强;茎近方形,中空而质脆,分枝能力强,侧枝也能开花结荚;叶为偶数羽状复叶,互生,小叶,1～3对,具叶卷须;花为单生或总状花序,着生1～3朵花,蝶形,有白色、紫色和粉红色三种类型。荷兰豆自花授粉率高,种子长成后豆荚仍柔软,荚粒 1 Holland bean growth and development and its environmental requirements 1.1 Botany traits Holland bean legume plant type straight roots and nodules. Roots developed, deep into the soil can reach 1m, but the main root distribution in 20 ~ 30cm soil layer, nodulation ability of nitrogen fixation; stems nearly square, hollow and crisp, strong ability to branch, branches can flowering pod; leaves Even pinnate, alternate, leaflets, 1 ~ 3 pairs, with leaf tendrils; flowers solitary or racemes, with 1 to 3 flowers, butterfly, white, purple and pink three types. Dutch beans self-pollination rate is high, after the seeds grow into pods are still soft, pod grain