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霉菌性鼻窦炎最常见的致病菌是毛霉和曲霉。曲霉菌性鼻窦炎可有四种表现形式:(1)无痛性,最常见,表现为单侧慢性上颌窦炎,对抗生素及减充血剂反应不佳,X线相改变与一般细菌性鼻窦炎相似。(2)暴发性或侵袭性,常伴肺损害,可侵及眼眶和颅前凹,X线相或CT扫描可见骨质破坏,多发生于免疫抑制患者。(3)曲霉瘤,窦内形成一局限性肿物。(4)变应性,组织学的特点是有粘蛋白样物质,其中含嗜酸性细胞,Charcot-Leyden氏晶体,细胞碎片,脱落呼吸上皮和霉菌丝。多数是年青人,常伴鼻息肉和哮喘。局部引流后易复发。
The most common pathogens of fungal sinusitis are Mucor and Aspergillus. Aspergillus sinusitis can have four manifestations: (1) painless, the most common manifestation of unilateral chronic maxillary sinusitis, antibiotics and decongestants poor response, X-ray changes and the general bacterial sinus Similar to inflammation. (2) outbreak or invasive, often accompanied by lung damage, and can invade the orbital and cranial antrum, X-ray or CT scan visible bone destruction, occurred in immunosuppressed patients. (3) Aspergilloma, sinuses form a limited tumor. (4) Allergic, histological features are mucin-like substances that contain eosinophils, Charcot-Leyden’s crystals, cellular debris, shed respiratory epithelium, and mycotic filaments. Most young people, often accompanied by nasal polyps and asthma. Local recurrence after drainage.