现代西方政治学的重大发展与研究方法的突破密切相关,方法论革命是理论创新的直接动力。20世纪中叶以来,在学科融合的背景下,具有鲜明经济学特征的理性选择学派迅速崛起,对社会科学研究产生了广泛的影响。理性选择理论借助微观行为分析的方法,对政府功能、政治过程、官僚体制、选举规则、利益集团等政治学探讨的主要问题,提出 The significant development of modern western political science is closely related to the breakthrough of research methods. Methodological revolution is the direct driving force of theoretical innovation. Since the middle of the 20th century, under the background of interdisciplinary integration, the school of rational choice with distinctive economic characteristics has risen rapidly and has had a widespread impact on social science research. With the help of the method of micro-behavior analysis, rational choice theory puts forward the main problems of political science such as government function, political process, bureaucracy, election rules and interest groups