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目的 探讨肠道微生物变化与复发性口腔溃疡(ROU)的相关性,进而确定肠道微生物变化是否是导致ROU的致病因素之一.方法 选取8名经常发作ROU作为实验组(HR);14名健康志愿者作为对照组(HN).对粪便进行宏基因组测序,同时用ELISA检测粪便中炎症因子白细胞介素(IL)-10和IL-22.结果 在门水平上,HR中厚壁菌门的丰度高于HN(P＜0.05).在属水平上,HN中Escherichia/ Shigella和双歧杆菌的丰度高于HR(P＜0.05).HR组肠球菌的丰度高于HN组(P＜0.05).粪便中IL-10水平在HN、HR组中相似,两组间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).HR组IL-22水平高于HN组,两组间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).单因素Logistic回归分析显示IL-22是ROU的危险因素.多因素Logistic回归分析显示,双歧杆菌丰度可能是ROU的保护因素,粪便中IL-22可能是危险因素.结论 ROU患者粪便中IL-22与肠道菌群之间存在相互作用,双歧杆菌属丰度显著降低及IL-22水平的升高参与了ROU的发生,且IL-22在ROU发生过程中促炎作用强于它自身及IL-10的抗炎作用,但具体作用机制有待于进一步研究.“,”Objective To identify whether gut microbial changes were associated with recurrent oral ulcer (ROU) and to determine possible factors associated with the pathogenesis of ROU.Methods We performed metagenomic sequencing and detected inflammatory cytokines[interleukin (IL)-10,IL-22]using ELISA in faeces.Eight students who frequently suffered from oral ulcers were selected as the experimental group (HR);accordingly,14 healthy volunteers served as the control group (HN).Results There were some differences in intestinal microbial community structures and core flora between the HR and the HN.At the phylum level,the abundance of Firmicutes in the HR was higher than that in the HN (P＜0.05).At the genus level,the abundance of Escherichia/Shigella and Bifidobacterium in the HN were higher than that in the HR (P＜0.05).The abundance of enterococcus in the HR was higher than that in the HN (P＜ 0.05).IL-10 levels in feces were similar in HN and HR,and there was no statistical difference between the two groups (P＞0.05).IL-22 level in HR was higher than that in HN,and there was statistical significance between the two groups (P＜0.05).Univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that IL-22 was a risk factor for ROU.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that Bifidobacterium abundance may be a protective factor for ROU,IL-22 in faeces may be a risk factor.Conclusion Our results suggest that there is an interaction between IL-22 and the distribution of intestinal flora in the patients with ROU,the occurrence of ROU may be related to the decrease of the abundance of Bifidobacterium and the increase of IL-22 in the faeces,and IL-22 has a stronger pro-inflammatory effect than the anti-inflammatory effect generated by IL-10 and itself in the occurrence of ROU,but further research will be needed.