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目的探讨心理干预对改善精神发育迟滞(MR)儿童母亲焦虑抑郁情绪和生活质量的效果。方法将入组50例患儿母亲随机分为对照组和干预组各25例,采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)和生活质量综合评定问卷-74(GQOLI-74),心理干预前后对两组母亲进行测评和对照研究,并将干预前两组母亲SDS、SAS评分分别与国内常模比较。结果 1两组母亲干预前SDS、SAS评分均明显高于国内常模,具有显著性差异(t=2.82,2.99,3.31,3.71;P<0.01);2干预后干预组SDS、SAS评分均明显高于对照组,具有显著性差异(t=2.81,2.79;P<0.01);3干预后干预组GQOLI-74因子评分均明显高于对照组,其中以躯体和社会功能差异显著(t=2.67,2.32;P<0.05),心理功能差异非常显著(t=2.89;P<0.01)。结论 MR儿童母亲存在严重的焦虑抑郁情绪,心理干预可明显改善MR儿童母亲的焦虑抑郁情绪,并显著提高其生活质量。
Objective To explore the effect of psychological intervention on improving anxiety, depression and quality of life in children with mental retardation (MR). Methods Fifty mothers of the infants were randomly divided into control group and intervention group (n = 25). The anxiety self-rating scale (SAS), depression self-rating scale (SDS) and quality of life questionnaire- 74). Before and after psychological intervention, the two groups of mothers were evaluated and compared, and the SDS and SAS scores of the two groups of mothers before intervention were respectively compared with the national norm. Results 1 The SDS and SAS scores of the two groups before intervention were significantly higher than those of the national norm, with significant difference (t = 2.82,2.99,3.31,3.71; P <0.01); 2 After intervention, the SDS and SAS scores were significantly (T = 2.81,2.79; P <0.01) .3 The scores of GQOLI-74 in the intervention group after intervention were significantly higher than those in the control group, with significant differences in somatic and social functions (t = 2.67 , 2.32; P <0.05). The difference of mental function was significant (t = 2.89; P <0.01). Conclusion MR children have severe anxiety and depression in their mothers. Psychological intervention can significantly improve the anxiety and depression of MR mothers and significantly improve their quality of life.