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将“新疆小麦”(T.petropavlovskyi Udacz.et Migusch.)与不同小麦种杂交,观察杂种 F_1减数分裂期的染色体行为,发现它与普通小麦(AABBDD)的杂种有57.8%以上细胞配对正常,有37.2%的细胞具1～9个单价体,其中多数具1～2个单价体,说明“新疆小麦”的染色体组型基本为 AABBDD,但其中有一对染色体已与普通小麦不同。当它与含有 AABB 组的四倍体小麦杂交时,五个组合中有19.4～32.6%细胞具8～13个单价体,其中多数具9条单价体。说明“新疆小麦”在 AA 组或 BB 组中有一对染色体与二粒系小麦不同。本文研究了“新疆小麦”与圆锥小麦、硬粒小麦、东方小麦等杂种后代穗形的分离,发现这三个组合中 F_2各自分离出2.9%、10.8%和40.0%的波兰小麦类型,同时在前两个组合中也分离出普通小麦类型。由此推论,波兰小麦和普通小麦可能参与了“新疆小麦”的形成。
Crossing T.petropavlovskyi Udacz.et Migusch. With different wheat species and observing the chromosome behavior at the F 1 meiosis stage of hybrid F1 found that 57.8% of the hybrids with AABBDD had normal pairing, 37.2% of the cells had 1-9 monovalent units, most of which had 1-2 monovalent units, indicating that the chromosome type of “Xinjiang wheat” was basically AABBDD, but a pair of chromosomes were different from that of common wheat. When crossed with tetraploid wheat containing the AABB group, 19.4 to 32.6% of the five combinations had 8 to 13 monovalent species, the majority of which had 9 monovalent species. This shows that “Xinjiang wheat” has a pair of chromosomes different from that of two-grain wheat in AA or BB group. In this paper, the segregation of spike shape between Xinjiang wheat and hybrid progenies such as Cone, Triticum durum and Oriental wheat was studied. It was found that 2.9%, 10.8% and 40.0% of the Polish wheat genotypes were separated from each of the three combinations, The first two combinations also separated the common wheat type. It follows that Polish wheat and common wheat may be involved in the formation of “Xinjiang wheat”.