本文对南阳地区１９９０年２１６例孕产妇死亡原因及相关因素进行了分析。孕产妇主要死因顺位是：产科出血、妊娠合并内科疾病、妊高征、产褥感染。结果提示：农业人口、家境贫困、文化素质低、农民缺医少药，孕产妇死亡率较高。并建议：落实围产期保健，完善基层妇幼保健网络，加强乡镇卫生院建设，开展健康教育，以达到降低产妇死亡率之目的。 In this paper, 216 maternal deaths in 1990 and the related factors in Nanyang area were analyzed. The main cause of maternal death sequence is: obstetric hemorrhage, pregnancy associated with medical diseases, pregnancy-induced hypertension, puerperal infection. The results suggest that the agricultural population, the poverty-stricken family environment, the low educational level, the lack of medical care and lack of medical treatment by the peasants, and the high maternal mortality rate. And recommendations: the implementation of perinatal care, improve the grass-roots MCH network, strengthen the construction of township hospitals, health education, in order to achieve the purpose of reducing maternal mortality.