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北京郊区约15,000平方公里,有山区,有平原,土壤种类繁多,全市土壤普查结果,查明了136个土种,归纳成17个亚类,隶属于9个土类。在这些土壤类型中,不良土壤类型主要有以下几种:即潮土型(指涝洼地)、盐硷土型、红胶土型、黄土板型(即死黄土型)、沙土型以及山区薄层石渣冲刷型等。群众历年和这些不良土壤作斗争,积累了无穷的宝贵经验,本文仅就京郊农民群众在耕作、施肥等人为措施的影响下,胶土型。板土型和沙土型三者的演变图式,来探讨土壤熟化的本质。 京郊农民群众把“油土”、“大土”“油性二合土”看成是熟化度最高的肥沃土壤,把“死土”、“小土”、“白沙土”看成是熟化度最低的瘠薄土壤;土壤由死土变油土,由小土变大土,由白沙土变油
Beijing suburbs of about 15,000 square kilometers, a mountainous area, a plain, a wide range of soil, the city’s soil census results, identified 136 soil species, grouped into 17 sub-groups, belonging to 9 soil classes. Among the soil types, there are the following types of bad soil types: tidal soil type (waterlogging depression), saline alkaline soil type, red clay soil type, loess plate type (ie, dead loess type), sand type and mountainous thin layer Gravel erosion and so on. Throughout the years, the masses have fought these unfriendly soils and accumulated immense valuable experiences. This article only examines the plastic type of peasant masses in the suburbs of Beijing under the influence of man-made measures such as cultivation and fertilization. Planktonic soil type and the evolution of the three patterns, to explore the nature of soil maturation. Peasants in the suburbs regarded “oil and soil” and “great soil” and “oily earth” as the fertile soil with the highest degree of maturation, and regarded “dead soil”, “small soil” and “white sand soil” as ripeness The lowest infertile soil; the soil from dead soil to oil soil, from small soil to soil, from white sand to oil