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目的:了解不同年龄儿童的智能发育及影响因素,及早制定防治措施。方法:采用贝利婴幼儿发展量表(BSID-CR)法对南阳市2 180例3个月～30个月儿童进行智能发育检查,将检查结果[智力发展指数(MDI)、精神运动发育指数(PDI)]按3～6个月、7～12个月、13～30个月分为三个年龄段,用多元逐步回归法进统计学处理。结果:出生体重、胎教、喂养方式、阳性家族史同时进入三个年龄阶段的回归方程;另外,出生日期、检查日期、父母亲文化程度、儿童性别进入7～12月的回归方程;母亲职业和分娩方式进入了13～30个月的回归方程。结论:先后天因素对儿童各年龄阶段智能发育都有影响,而后天的生长环境和父母亲的文化背景,对7个月以上儿童的影响较为重要。
Objective: To understand the intelligence development and influencing factors of children of different ages and to make prevention and treatment measures as soon as possible. Methods: Two hundred and eighty cases of children aged 3 months to 30 months in Nanyang City were examined for their intelligence development by using the Baile Scale for Infant Development (BSID-CR). The results of the test [index of intellectual development (MDI), psychomotor development index (PDI)] according to 3 to 6 months, 7 to 12 months, 13 to 30 months is divided into three age groups, using multiple stepwise regression method into the statistical treatment. Results: The birth weight, prenatal education, feeding pattern and positive family history entered the regression equation of three age stages at the same time. In addition, the regression equation of birth date, examination date, parental education level and children’s gender entered the period from July to December. The mode of delivery entered the regression equation of 13 to 30 months. CONCLUSION: The factors of successive days have an impact on the intelligence development of children in all ages. However, the growth environment of the acquired children and the cultural background of parents are more important for children over 7 months old.