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目的研究（ＨＣＶ）Ｅ２／ＮＳ１相对保守区多肽抗原在检测抗－ＨＣＶ中的意义。方法利用ＨＣＶＥ２／ＮＳ１基因编码的膜区糖蛋白合成Ｅ２／ＮＳ１相对保守区多肽抗原，建立酶免疫试验（ＥＩＡ），对９６例ＨＣＶ感染者及４０例正常献血员进行抗ＨＣＶＥ２／ＮＳ１抗体的检测，同时平行检测ＨＣＶＲＮＡ和丙氨酸转氨酶（ＡＬＴ）。结果抗ＨＣＶＥ２／ＮＳ１在ＨＣＶ感染者的检出率为４１．６７％，其中急性丙型肝炎为１３．５５％，慢性丙型肝炎为２５．０４％，无症状感染者为２．０８％；正常献血员中发现３例抗ＨＣＶＥ２／ＮＳ１抗体弱阳性，而ＨＣＶＲＮＡ阴性；对抗ＨＣＶＥ２／ＮＳ１与ＨＣＶＲＮＡ比较，两者的共同阳性率为６２．５％，抗ＨＣＶＥ２／ＮＳ１与ＨＣＶＲＮＡ具有相关性；在抗ＨＣＶＥ２／ＮＳ１阳性的急慢性患者中ＡＬＴ值之间有明显差异（Ｐ＜０．０５），急性比慢性高；抗ＨＣＶＥ２／ＮＳ１与ＲＮＡ共同阳性率中慢性感染明显高于急性感染。结论抗ＨＣＶＥ２／ＮＳ１阳性同时也有病毒核酸存在，但抗ＨＣＶＥ２／ＮＳ１相对保守区抗体可能有一定的中和作用，这种体液免疫在清除ＨＣＶ感染中有一定的作用，抗ＨＣＶＥ２／ＮＳ１相对保守区抗体是否就是中和抗体仍有待进一步研究?
Objective To study the significance of HCV E2 / NS1 polypeptide antigen in the detection of anti-HCV. Methods Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (EIA) was used to synthesize E2 / NS1 polypeptide antigen from the membrane glycoprotein encoded by HCVE2 / NS1 gene. Anti-HCVE2 / NS1 antibodies were detected in 96 HCV-infected and 40 normal donors , While parallel detection of HCV RNA and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Results The detection rate of anti - HCVE2 / NS1 in HCV infection was 41.67%, of which, acute hepatitis C was 13.55%, chronic hepatitis C was 25.04% and asymptomatic infection was 2.08%. In the normal blood donors, three anti-HCVE2 / NS1 antibodies were found to be weakly positive and negative for HCVRNA. The co-positive rate of anti-HCVE2 / NS1 and HCVRNA was 62.5% ALT values were significantly different between acute and chronic HCVE2 / NS1-positive patients (P <0.05), acute and chronic. The positive rate of anti-HCVE2 / NS1 and RNA was significantly higher than that of acute infection. Conclusions Anti-HCVE2 / NS1 positivity also exists in the presence of viral nucleic acid. However, the antibody against HCVE2 / NS1 may have a certain neutralization effect. This humoral immunity may play a role in the clearance of HCV infection, and the relative conserved region of anti-HCVE2 / NS1 Whether the antibody is neutralizing antibody remains to be further studied?