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目的了解韶关市2002—2008年乙肝疫苗(HepB)免疫规划的实施情况,评价韶关市2002—2008年HepB免疫规划的实施效果。方法 2002年开始韶关市对全市新生儿按照01、、6个月免疫程序全程接种3针;2008年3—9月对全市2002年1月1日至2006年12月31日期间出生的儿童按照全程3针差几针补几针的原则开展HepB查漏补种工作;2008年对韶关市城乡在幼儿园(托儿所)1～5岁按照0、16、月程序完成5μg重组HepB 3针全程接种的儿童1 485名,每名采集静脉血3 mL进行HBsAg与抗-HBs测定;2010年5—7月,随机抽取母亲乙肝标示物阴性且按0、1、6月HepB免疫程序完成基础免疫后1个月的7～12月龄的55名婴儿进行HBsAg、HBsAb检测。评价指标:(1)HepB接种情况:儿童HepB免疫规划接种率、2002年以后出生儿童HepB查漏补种率;(2)乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)携带情况:5岁以下儿童HBsAg携带率和表面抗体(抗-HBs)阳性率;(3)HepB免疫成功率:新生儿HepB接种后抗-HBs阳转率。结果韶关市3区7县2002—2008年HepB常规免疫平均全程接种率为98.99%,平均首针及时接种率为85.49%,城市平均全程接种率为98.52%,平均首针及时接种率为88.95%,农村平均全程接种率为99.21%,平均首针及时接种率为83.63%;2008年HepB查漏补种率为96.40%;1～5岁儿童HBsAg阳性率为0.88%,抗-HBs阳性率为65.84%。城市儿童HBsAg阳性率为0.83%,抗-HBs阳性率为65.42%;农村儿童HBsAg阳性率为0.91%,抗-HBs阳性率为66.27%。HepB免疫成功率为90.91%。结论韶关市儿童HepB常规免疫接种率、新生儿及时接种率和查漏补种率高,HepB免疫成功率高,HepB免疫规划工作实施情况和实施效果良好,对控制人群乙肝感染达到了预期效果。
Objective To understand the implementation of hepatitis B vaccine (HepB) immunization program in Shaoguan City from 2002 to 2008 and evaluate the implementation effect of HepB immunization program in Shaoguan City from 2002 to 2008. Methods In 2002, Shaoguan City, the city’s newborn children in accordance with 01, 6 months of immunization program throughout the 3 vaccination; March-September 2008 on the city from January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2006 during the birth of children in accordance with the HepB leak detection and replantation work was carried out on the basis of the principle that the three needles had a few stitches to make up a few stitches. In 2008, a total of 5 μg recombinant HepB 3-stitch inoculation was completed in urban and rural areas of kindergarten (nursery school) 1 485 children were enrolled and 3 mL venous blood per person were collected for determination of HBsAg and anti-HBs. From May to July 2010, maternal HBV markers were randomly selected and negative for HepB immunization program at 0, 1, and 6 months after completion of the basic immunization Fifty-five infants aged 7-12 months of age were tested for HBsAg and HBsAb. Evaluation indicators: (1) HepB vaccination: HepB vaccination coverage rate of children in HepB, detection of children’s post-2002 HepB leak detection coverage; (2) HBsAg carrier: children under 5 years of age HBsAg carrier rate and Positive rate of surface antibody (anti-HBs); (3) HepB immunity success rate: anti-HBs positive rate after neonatal HepB inoculation. Results The average immunization coverage rate of HepB routine immunization in 7 districts of 3 districts of Shaoguan from 2002 to 2008 was 98.99%, the average first-time inoculation rate was 85.49%, the average city coverage rate was 98.52%, the average first-time inoculation rate was 88.95% , The average whole country inoculation rate was 99.21%, the average first needle timely vaccination rate was 83.63%; 2008 HepB leak detection coverage rate was 96.40%; 1 to 5-year-old children HBsAg positive rate was 0.88%, anti-HBs positive rate was 65.84%. The positive rate of HBsAg in urban children was 0.83% and the positive rate of anti-HBs was 65.42%. The positive rate of HBsAg in rural children was 0.91% and the positive rate of anti-HBs was 66.27%. HepB immune success rate was 90.91%. Conclusion HepB routine immunization coverage, prompt neonatal immunization coverage rate and missed vaccination coverage were higher in children in Shaoguan City. The success rate of HepB immunization was higher. The implementation of HepB immunization program and its implementation were satisfactory. The results showed that HepB immunization achieved satisfactory results.