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误区一:实践既是一种客观活动,又是一种主观活动。简析:这种看法貌似既讲实践的客观性,又讲实践的主观性,其实,它割裂了实践的客观性和主观性的统一,是形而上学的,又滑向唯心主义,因而是错误的。由于构成实践的诸要素都是可感知的客观实在,实践的结果也是外在于人们的意识而客观存在,实践的水平、广度、深度和发展过程都要受客观条件的制约和客观规律的支配,因此,实践是一种客观的物质性活动。但实践是人的活动,都是在一定意识、思想支配下进行的,它不是纯客观的物质活动,因而又具有主观性。实践是客观性和主观性相统一的活动,是主观见之于客观的物质活动,我们不能把两者割裂开来,更不能用一个特征去否定另一个特征。误区二:实践是社会性的活动,单个人的实践活动是不存在的。简析:任何实践都是在一定社会关系中进行的,因此孤立的实践活动是不存在的,实践具有社会性。但孤立活动并不等于单个人的活动。人们改造客观世界的活动,既可以采取集体行动的方式,也可以表现为单个人的活动,无论采取哪种方式,都是社会性的活动,
Misunderstanding 1: Practice is both an objective activity and a subjective activity. Analysis: This view looks like both the objectivity of practice and the subjectivity of practice. In fact, it separates the objectivity and subjectivity of practice. It is metaphysical and slips to idealism. It is wrong. . Since the elements that constitute practice are all perceivable objective reality, the result of practice is also external to people’s consciousness and exists objectively. The level, breadth, depth, and development process of practice must be controlled by objective conditions and subject to objective laws. Therefore, practice is an objective material activity. However, practice is human activity. It is carried out under the control of certain consciousness and ideas. It is not a purely objective material activity, and therefore subjective. Practice is an activity in which objectivity and subjectivity are united. It is subjective to objective material activities. We cannot separate the two, let alone use one feature to deny another. Misunderstanding 2: Practice is a social activity. There is no single person’s practice. Analysis: Any practice is carried out in certain social relations. Therefore, isolated practical activities do not exist, and practice has sociality. But isolated activities do not equal individual activities. People’s activities to transform the objective world can be either collective action or individual action. No matter which method is used, it is a social activity.