磨损是机件失效的主要形式之一。为提高机件的耐磨性,必须采取各种有效措施,如合理选用材料、改进制造工艺等。但在实际工作中,人们不仅努力在探索和试验各种改进措施,而且也期望找到一种简易方法,使能事前估计出这些改进措施可能取得的效果,即耐磨性预期能提高多少?这在实用上也是相当重要的问题。本文拟结合实例对此问题作些讨论。 Wear is one of the main forms of mechanical failure. To improve the wear resistance of the machine, we must take various effective measures, such as the rational selection of materials, improve the manufacturing process. However, in actual work, people not only strive to explore and test various improvement measures, but also expect to find an easy way to make a prior estimate of the effect of these improvements, that is, the expected increase in wear resistance? In fact, it is also a very important issue. This article intends to discuss this issue with examples.