特发性黄斑裂孔临床眼底所见为黄斑区中央部边界清晰的红色圆形裂孔 ,大小约为 1/ 4～ 1/ 2视盘直径。近年来 ,临床工作者意识到玻璃体 -视网膜边界上移行的视网膜神经胶质细胞的切线方向收缩是特发性黄斑裂孔形成机制的重要因素[1 ,2 ] 。根据这一理论而发展的内界膜及视网膜 Idiopathic macular hole seen in the clinical fundus of the central part of the macular central clear red circular hole, the size of about 1/4 ~ 1/2 optic disc diameter. In recent years, clinicians have realized that the tangential contraction of retinal glial cells that migrate on the vitreoretinal border is an important factor in the pathogenesis of idiopathic macular hole [1, 2]. According to this theory and the development of the inner limiting membrane and retina