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自清末民国以降,中国学术界关于中国民族主义与“民族—国家”问题的讨论从围绕政治精英与学者论述的形而上“国族建构论”向围绕边区国家行为与族群动向之间的密切关联开展“自下而上”的“边缘研究”演进。中法战争后的国家转型步伐随着中越宗藩关系的终结而加快。在边界区划与边务筹措过程中,中越边区的族群流动从底层层面促进了国家转型背后的边区建构。随着边防机制的推行、边界人群的归附、边区族群关系的复杂化以及族群文化的融合,处于国家边缘地带的族群活动展现了国家转型与边民行动之间的微妙关系。由是观之,近代中国的国家转型不仅体现在精英阶层的理想诉求上,更展现在作为王朝边民的“无意识”行动中。
Since the end of Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, the discussion between Chinese academia about Chinese nationalism and “nationality-statehood” has shifted from the metaphysical “national constructivism” that is elaborated by political elites and scholars to the one that surrounds the behaviors and ethnic groups in the border regions Closely related “bottom-up ” “marginal research ” evolution. The pace of state transition after the Sino-French War hastened with the end of the Sino-Vietnamese suzerain-vassal relationship. In the process of border demarcation and border financing, the ethnic mobility in the Sino-Vietnam border area promoted the border construction behind the national transition from the lower level. With the implementation of border control mechanisms, the return of border groups, the complicated relations among border communities and the integration of ethnic cultures, the ethnic activities at the periphery of the country show the delicate relationship between the transformation of the country and the border people’s actions. From this point of view, the transformation of the state in modern China is not only reflected in the ideals of the elite, but also in the “unconscious ” action as a dynasty.