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目的探索可以将鼠密度长期控制在较低水平的新方法。方法选择德州市郊区相邻的3个自然村:张庄村、南陈庄、芦庄村作为试验村,习俗、人口、经济条件相当,彼此相距约2.5 km。灭效考核用格粉板法(400格者),统计学处理用spss17.0。结果试验村全年的鼠密度保持在在0.5%~1.73%之间,能够长期控制在较低水平;药物投放对照村仅在投药后的短期内将鼠密度控制在较低水平,其他月份则维持在较高水平,7-10月鼠密度分别在6.24%、10.03%、13.21%、13.42%。空白对照村全年鼠密度都超过国家标准3~4倍,7-12月鼠密度分别为11.24%、12.24%、11.02%、12.34%、13.01%、11.45%。统计学分析表明,试验村与药物投放对照村的灭鼠效果有非常显著效果差异(U=18.00,P<0.001),与空白对照村亦有非常显著的效果差异(U=3.500,P<0.001),而药物投放对照村与空白对照村的灭鼠效果则无统计学意义(U=42.00,P>0.05)。结论康教育与环境治理相结合的综合灭鼠措施可以长期有效地将鼠密度控制在国家标准以内。
Objective To explore a new method that can control the density of rats at a low level for a long time. Methods Three adjacent natural villages in the suburbs of Dezhou were chosen as experimental village, Zhangzhuang Village, Nanchenzhuang Village and Luzhuang Village. The customs, population and economic conditions were quite similar, about 2.5km apart from each other. Efficacy evaluation with the grid plate method (400 grid), statistical processing with spss17.0. Results In the experimental village, the annual rodent density remained between 0.5% and 1.73%, which could be controlled at a low level for a long time. In the control villages, the rodent density was kept at a low level only for a short period after administration, while in other months Maintained at a high level, July-October rat density were 6.24%, 10.03%, 13.21%, 13.42%. The control density in the blank control villages all exceeded the national standard by 3 ~ 4 times. The rat densities were 11.24%, 12.24%, 11.02%, 12.34%, 13.01% and 11.45% respectively from July to December. Statistical analysis showed that there was a very significant difference in the anti-rat effect between experimental villages and drug control villages (U = 18.00, P <0.001), and there was also a significant difference in efficacy between the experimental villages and the control villages (U = 3.500, P <0.001 ), While there was no significant difference in the anti-rat effect between the control villages and blank control villages (U = 42.00, P> 0.05). Conclusion The comprehensive deratization measures combining health education with environmental governance can control the density of rats within the national standard for a long time.