固体在许多介质中有着容易形变、强度降低的现象。通常总易把外部介质(或杂质)对固体强度的影响归之为化学破坏或电化学破坏(腐蚀),或者认为是溶解。但实际上往往不是这样,我们在下面举几个例子来说明这个情况。云母在受力到一定程度时,便在解理面处断裂,直到断裂之前,只有单纯的弹性形变,表现为理想弹脆体。但罗金诺夫证明,云母在水中或其他能被云母吸附物质(某些醇和盐)的水溶液中,具有弹性后效,效应相当缓慢但很显著。在去荷重后,形 Solid has a tendency to deform and reduce its strength in many media. Often, the effect of external media (or impurities) on the strength of a solid is often classified as chemical or electrochemical (corrosion), or dissolved. But in fact often not the case, let us give a few examples below to illustrate this situation. Mica in the stress to a certain extent, they cleave the cleavage surface, until the fracture before, only a simple elastic deformation, the performance of the ideal elastic body. But Rodinov has shown that mica has an elastic aftereffect in water or other aqueous solution that can be adsorbed by micas (some alcohols and salts), and the effect is rather slow but significant. After going to load, shape