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自Brakemann(1936)报告了臀产式胎头仰伸病例以来,不少人对此作了观察,其发生率为1～11%。臀位胎头仰伸常合并脊髓和小脑损伤以及胎死宫内等严重并发症,危害婴儿健康。本文分折胎头仰伸发生率和对婴儿长期随诊结果,为产科处理提供依据。 1971～1977年间在瑞典龙德大学医院妇产科分娩的814例臀位中445例在分娩前作腹部X线正侧位片以确定胎头姿势和骨盆测量。所有报告都由高年放射科医师复核;由产科、儿科作分娩记录;神经精神科共同随诊。多胎妊娠臀位者未计入。胎头姿势分4型:屈曲良好213例(47.9%);中位(不屈不伸)199例(44.7%);仰伸17例(3.8%);极度仰伸16例(3.6%)。
Since Brakemann (1936) reported a case of hip-extension fetal head extension, many people have observed this, the incidence was 1 to 11%. Breech fetal head Yangzhang often associated with spinal cord and cerebellar injury and fetal death and other serious complications, endangering the health of infants. This article points off the incidence of fetal head Yangzhang infants and long-term follow-up results, provide the basis for obstetric treatment. Between 1971 and 1977, 445 of 814 breech surgeries delivered at the Gynecology and Obstetrics department of the University Hospital, Rue de Ludwig, Sweden, were examined with abdomen radiographs before childbirth to determine fetal head posture and pelvis. All reports were reviewed by senior radiologists; obstetric and pediatric records for childbirth; neuropsychiatric co-visits. Multiple gestational breech recipients were not included. Fetal head posture was divided into 4 types: 213 cases (47.9%) with good flexion; 199 cases (44.7%) with median flexion and extension; 17 cases (3.8%) with upward extension and 16 cases (3.6%) with extreme extension.