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本研究首次对法语背景学生的易混词进行专题研究,主要目的是尝试给法语背景学生的易混词分类,语料基础是日内瓦大学汉学系二年级学生21万字的书面作业。我们根据造成混淆的根源把易混词分成了两大类:第一类是由于没有完全掌握目的语汉语词语,特别是近义词或有某种关联的词语的细微差别造成的。这一类又分成近义而无相同构成语素、近义且有相同构成语素、意义有关联但不是近义、属于同一语义范畴的词语、属于同一语法范畴的词语、逆序词六小类;第二类则是由于母语法语的词汇知识影响造成的,又分成四小类:由法语多义词义项/义位误推造成的易混词,法语多功能词用法误推造成的易混词,直译法语某些搭配或说法造成的易混词,某些法语词词形变化前后意义不同引起的易混词。
This study, for the first time, conducts a thematic study on confusable words of French background students. The main purpose of this study is to try to classify easily confused words of French-speaking students based on a 210,000-word written assignment of sophomores at the University of Geneva. According to the root causes of confusion, we divided the confusable words into two categories: The first category was caused by the inability to completely grasp the nuances of the target language Chinese words, especially the near synonyms or some related words. This category is divided into the near meaning without the same constituent morpheme, the near synonym and has the same morpheme, the meaning is related but not synonymous, belongs to the same semantic categories of words, belonging to the same grammatical categories of words, reverse order six small class; The second category is due to the influence of the vocabulary knowledge of native French, and is divided into four sub-categories: confusable words that are mistakenly pushed by French polysemous semantic items / meanings, misunderstood words formed by the misuse of French multi-purpose words, literal translation French Some collocations or expressions that cause confusing words, some of the French words before and after changes in meaning caused by different words.