[目的]为研究鲤鱼感染细菌性疾病及其临床合理用药提供理论依据。[方法]从吉林省某水产养殖场患病黄河鲤鱼的脾脏中分离致病菌,并通过常规生理生化试验、16S rDNA序列分析对其进行鉴定。应用微量稀释法测定11种抗生素药物对其最小抑菌浓度。[结果]从患病鲤鱼的脾脏中成功分离到1株优势菌。该优势菌为革兰氏染色阴性杆菌,通过序列比对将其鉴定为维氏气单胞菌。动物回归试验表明该菌株可使黄河鲤发生死亡。药敏试验结果表明该病原菌对磺胺类、β-内酰胺类、氨基糖苷类药物不同程度耐药,而对氯霉素类药物、恩诺沙星较为敏感,对强力霉素中介。[结论]该研究结果可为鲤鱼源维氏气单胞菌的防治提供科学依据。 [Objective] The research aimed to provide theoretical basis for the study of carp infection bacterial diseases and its clinical rational use of drugs. [Method] Pathogenic bacteria were isolated from the spleen of diseased Yellow River common carp in an aquaculture farm in Jilin Province and identified by 16S rDNA sequence analysis through routine physiological and biochemical tests. The microdilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of 11 antibiotics. [Result] One dominant bacterium was successfully isolated from diseased carp spleen. The predominant bacteria were Gram-negative bacilli, which were identified as Aeromonasviruses by sequence alignment. Animal regression test showed that the strain can cause yellow carp death. Susceptibility test results show that the pathogen to sulfa, β-lactam, aminoglycoside drugs to varying degrees of resistance, and chloramphenicol drugs, enrofloxacin more sensitive to doxycycline intermediates. [Conclusion] The results of this study can provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of Aeromonas.