绪言上覆沉积物的重荷使沉积物压实,这是一种重要的地质作用。在砂泥沉积物的沉积过程中,随着沉积厚度的增加,上覆压力和温度都随之增加,因而导致沉积物的密度、其中的流体性质等都发生变化。尤其是沉积物受到压实后与沉积物共存的流体被排出并使沉积物的孔 INTRODUCTION The heavy load of overlying sediments compacts sediments, an important geological effect. During the deposition of sand and sediment, as the sedimentary thickness increases, the overlying pressure and temperature increase, which leads to changes of sediment density, fluid properties and so on. In particular, the fluid coexisting with the deposit after the deposit has been compacted is discharged and the pores of the deposit