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目的深入研究退休矿工肺通气功能的损害情况。方法本文对某镍矿４５名退休矿工、３７名离尘后定诊矽肺患者和４０名对照矿工的肺通气功能进行了 １４年的追踪与配对追踪观察。结果退休矿工 ＦＶＣ、ＦＥＶ１的年均下降值显著大于对照矿工，除配对追踪观察中的ＦＶＣ外，其差别均有显著意义（Ｐ＜０．０５）；矽肺患者ＦＶＣ、ＦＥＶ１的平均下降值也较对照矿工为高，但除配对追踪观察中的ＦＥＶ１外，其差别均无统计意义。ＦＶＣ、ＦＥＶ１异常率的增高，以退休矿工最高，矽肺患者次之，对照矿工最小，其中退休矿工ＦＥＶ１异常率的增加值与对照矿工相比差异显著。结论长期接触高浓度的矽尘，矿工退休离尘后肺通气功能仍在丧失，损害的严重程度可与矽肺患者相比。
Objective To study in depth the damage of lung ventilation function of retired miners. Methods A 14-year follow-up and matched follow-up study of pulmonary ventilatory function in 45 retired miners from a nickel mine, 37 silicosis patients from dust and 40 control miners was conducted. Results The mean annual decline of FVC and FEV1 in retired miners was significantly higher than that in control miners, except for the matched tracked FVC (P <0.05). The average decline of FVC and FEV1 in silicosis patients was also lower than that in control miners The control miners were high, but with no difference except for paired-tracked FEV1. FVC and FEV1, the highest rate of retired miners, followed by silicosis patients, and the smallest control miners, the difference of FEV1 abnormal rate of retired miners was significantly different from that of control miners. CONCLUSIONS Long-term exposure to high levels of silica dust is still lost after the miners retire from dust and the severity of the damage can be compared with silicosis patients.