《圣经·出埃及记》中有一文字,它描述了摩西的岳父杰思罗如何观察摩西花了一整天时间,倾听他的人民的诉苦和问题。之后,杰思罗告诉摩西,他一个人不能管事太多,并且建议采取具体步骤解除他的过重负担。他的第一个建议是必须以“法令和法律”形式教育人民;第二个建议是这些被选举出来的诸侯们,应按所辖人数封以“千民之侯、百民之侯、半百民之侯和十民之侯”这一类职称;第三个建议是这些诸侯必须管理一切日常事物,向摩西只汇报重大问题。 There is a text in Bible Exodus that describes how Moses’s father-in-law, Jethro, observed Moses for a whole day and listened to his people’s complaints and problems. Afterwards, Jesroid told Moses that he alone could not handle too much and suggested taking concrete steps to relieve him of his overburden. His first suggestion is to educate the people in the form of “decree and law,” and the second suggestion is that these elected princes should be sealed by the number of people under their jurisdiction. Hou, Hundreds of People, and Ten People’s Hou are the titles of this category; the third suggestion is that these princes must manage all the daily things and report only major issues to Moses.