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目的了解肾综合征出血热(HFRS)疫区鼠类分布及其携带汉坦病毒(HV)状况。方法 2015-2016年根据河北省HFRS疫区分布情况,选择6个县(区)为重点研究区域,在居民区和野外采用夹夜法捕鼠;利用多重荧光定量RT-PCR检测HV携带情况。结果 2015-2016年6个区域的野外和居民区平均鼠密度分别为0.44%和2.77%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=317.995,P<0.001);居民区和野外的优势鼠种均为褐家鼠,分别占其总捕获数的84.12%和92.50%;鼠带病毒率为2.85%(35/1 228),其中居民区鼠带病毒率为2.98%(33/1 108),野外为1.67%(2/120),居民区鼠带病毒率高于野外,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=37.780,P<0.05);带病毒鼠携带病毒均为汉城型汉坦病毒(SEOV)。结论褐家鼠是河北省HFRS疫区的优势鼠种,是当地HFRS的主要传染源;鼠类宿主动物携带的HV基因型为SEOV。
Objective To understand the distribution of rodent hantavirus (HV) and the status of hantavirus in hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). Methods From 2015 to 2016, six counties (districts) were selected as the key research areas according to the distribution of HFRS epidemic areas in Hebei Province. In the residential area and the wild, trapped nights were used to catch rats. The carrying status of HV was detected by multiplex fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR. Results The average rodent densities of wild and residential areas in the six regions from 2015 to 2016 were 0.44% and 2.77%, respectively, with statistical significance (χ ~ 2 = 317.995, P <0.001) Were Rattus norvegicus, accounting for 84.12% and 92.50% of the total number of catches respectively; the rate of the virus was 2.85% (35/1 228), and the rate of the virus was 2.98% (33/1108) (Χ ~ 2 = 37.780, P <0.05). The viruses carried by the virus were all Hantaan hantavirus (SEOV) ). Conclusion Rattus norvegicus is the predominant rodent species of HFRS in Hebei Province and is the main source of HFRS infection in the area. The HV genotype of rodent hosts is SEOV.