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《高中物理》(甲种本)第三册实验《测定玻璃的折射率》主要器材是大头针、白纸、玻璃砖、量角器等。用插针法确定入射光线AO和从玻璃射出的光线EB,从而确定光从空气入射玻璃的折射光线OE,如图1。用量角器量出入射角i,折射角r。改变入射角i,再测几组数据。根据n=sini/sinr,再算几组对应的n值,求出它们的平均值就是玻璃的折射率。但这个实验要用量角器多次测量角度,还得使用三角函数表进行数据处理,这样的误差可能增大,而且实验起来不方便,费时间。
The main equipment of the third volume of the experiment “Measurement of the Refractive Index of Glass” in “High School Physics” (A type of book) is a pin, white paper, glass brick, protractor and so on. The incident light AO and the light EB emitted from the glass are determined by a pin method to determine the refracted light OE of the light incident from the air into the glass, as shown in FIG. The protractor measures the incident angle i and the refraction angle r. Change the incident angle i, and then measure several sets of data. According to n = sini / sinr, and then calculate the number of corresponding n values, find their average value is the refractive index of the glass. However, this experiment requires the protractor to measure the angle several times, and to use the trigonometric function table for data processing, such errors may increase, and the experiment is inconvenient and time-consuming.