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通过本位价值取向与社会行为取向的二维视角,可对农民行动逻辑的演变进行深入剖析。农民行动逻辑经历了从伦理本位的集体主义到国家本位的集体主义再到伦理本位的个人主义的演变过程。中国当代社会所出现的个人主义不是权利本位的个人主义,也不是自我中心式的个人主义,更不是唯我主义,而是伦理本位的个人主义。伦理本位的价值取向与个人主义的行为取向之间既存在相互融合的一面,也存在冲突,这取决于行动者对“私域”范围的界定是否一致。
Through the two-dimensional perspective of the value orientation and social behavior orientation, the evolvement of peasant action logic can be analyzed in depth. The logic of peasant action has undergone the evolution of individualism from ethical-based collectivism to nation-based collectivism to ethical standard. The individualism that emerges in contemporary Chinese society is not the individualism of right-based nor the self-centered individualism, nor the solipsism, but the ethical individualism. There is not only a mutual fusion but also a conflict between the ethical standard of value orientation and the individualistic behavior orientation, which depends on whether the definition of “private domain” by the actors is consistent.