先前人们认为抗血吸虫感染可限制个体或群体中虫体数量,因为儿童即使连续暴露感染,也不出现重复感染。这种抵御重复感染现象反映个体感染水平的稳定性,而机体内虫体数量的动态平衡或伴随免疫似乎是维系这种稳定的原因。Smithers和Terry因观察到成虫寄生的恒河猴能抵御感染而引入伴随免疫这一概念,即由血吸虫成虫激发的免疫应答能有效地消灭新入侵的幼虫,而呈免疫耐受状态。血吸虫成虫具有双层脂质表膜,能 Previously, it was thought that an infection with an anti-schistosome could limit the number of parasites in an individual or population because the child does not have recurrent infections even if the infection is continuously exposed. This resistance to repeated infections reflects the stability of the level of infection in the individual and the homeostasis or concomitant immunization of the number of parasites appears to be the reason for this stabilization. Smithers and Terry introduced the concept of concomitant immunity to adult rhesus monkeys, which have been observed to be parasitized by adult worms. The immune response elicited by adult worms of Schistosoma japonicum effectively eradicates newly invaded larvae and becomes immune tolerant. Adult schistosomiasis has a bilayer lipid membrane, can