通过铸坯凝固组织生长单元的物理模拟方法,研究不同过热度对60Si2MnA弹簧钢铸坯凝固组织及宏观偏析规律的影响。结果表明:试验模拟的铸坯组织的等轴晶比例和晶粒尺寸与数值模拟和实际生产铸坯的组织相近,表明试验模拟可以很好地反映实际铸坯组织。随着浇注温度升高,柱状晶区长度增加,相应的等轴晶区长度降低。同时,凝固过程中有比较严重的碳宏观偏析,初始凝固区表现为负偏析,凝固末端表现为正偏析。过热度越高,凝固末端的正偏析越严重。 The effect of different superheat on solidification microstructure and macrosegregation regularity of 60Si2MnA spring steel slab was studied by means of physical simulation of solidification growth unit. The results show that the equiaxed grain size and the grain size of the simulated billet are close to those of the actual billet, which shows that the experimental simulation can well reflect the actual billet structure. As the pouring temperature increases, the length of the columnar zone increases, and the corresponding equiaxed zone length decreases. In the meantime, there is more severe macro-segregation of carbon in the solidification process, negative segregation in the initial solidification zone and positive segregation in the solidification end. The higher the degree of superheat, the more serious the positive segregation at the end of the solidification.