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低碳经济发展的全球治理与合作体系主要由国际谈判与决策机制(政府间治理框架)、国际碳排放权交易体系(市场经济体系新规范)、国际低碳技术扩散系统(基于知识产权保护的低碳创新技术应用)等三方面构成,其中,政府间治理框架主体的多样性和诉求的复杂性决定了决策过程的曲折性。在市场经济体系新规范中,发达国家利用现行国际经济、贸易、金融机制的优势话语权控制甚至垄断主要交易市场及交易品种,碳排放作为又一项重要的国际资源,发展中国家正逐渐丧失对资源开发、市场定价、交易过程的控制权,并面临资源价值控制权与主导权的再一次弱化。在国际低碳治理体系技术体系中,基于全球治理共识下的低碳技术在全球范围内的技术扩散、技术转移与技术溢出效应逐渐显现,但技术权力决定的利益诉求对低碳技术流动的制约作用也同时凸显。
The system of global governance and cooperation for the development of low-carbon economy is mainly composed of international negotiation and decision-making mechanisms (IGM), international carbon emission trading system (new norms of market economy), international low-carbon technology diffusion system (based on intellectual property protection Low carbon innovation and technology application). Among them, the diversity of the main body of the intergovernmental governance framework and the complexity of the demands determine the tortuous nature of the decision-making process. In the new norms of the market economy, the developed countries use the advantages of existing international economic, trade and financial mechanisms to control or even monopolize the major trading markets and trading products. As another important international resource, carbon emissions are gradually being lost in developing countries Control over resource development, market pricing, and transaction processes, and once again weakened control and dominance over the value of resources. In the international low-carbon governance system technology system, technology transfer and technology spillover effects gradually appear on the basis of the global diffusion of low-carbon technologies based on the consensus of global governance. However, the interest demands determined by technological power constraints on the flow of low-carbon technologies The role also highlights.