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以祁连山黑河流域十一冰川为例,利用机载三维激光扫描数据(Light Detection And Ranging,Li DAR)和SRTM DEM数据,在LiDAR点云数据预处理、高程数据配准、校正、误差评估的基础上,建立基于大地测量法的冰川物质平衡计算流程。表明:2000—2012年十一冰川冰面高程变化为-7.47±0.92 m,变化率为-0.62±0.08 m·a~(-1),估算十一冰川的年均物质平衡为-0.53±0.07 m w.e.,累积物质平衡为-6.35±0.78 m w.e.,折合水当量约为(330.4±40.8)×10~4m~3;与其他典型监测冰川物质平衡进行对比和分析,论证了估算结果的可靠性;LiDAR数据具有非常高的精度和空间分辨率,目前关于其在冰川物质平衡研究中的应用很少,论文尝试将其应用于冰川物质平衡变化研究中,具有广阔的发展前景。
Taking the 11 Glacier in the Heihe River Basin of the Qilian Mountains as an example, based on the data of Light Detection And Ranging (Li DAR) and SRTM DEM, the basis of LiDAR cloud data preprocessing, elevation data registration, calibration and error assessment On the basis of the establishment of geodetic glacier material balance calculation process. The results show that the elevations of eleven ice sheets from 2000 to 2012 are -7.47 ± 0.92 m and the rate of change is -0.62 ± 0.08 m · a -1. The annual average material balance of eleven glaciers is -0.53 ± 0.07 m we, the cumulative mass balance is -6.35 ± 0.78 m we, and the equivalent water equivalent is about (330.4 ± 40.8) × 10 ~ 4m ~ 3. Compared with other typical monitoring glacial mass balances, the reliability of the estimation results is demonstrated ; LiDAR data has very high precision and spatial resolution. At present, there are few applications of LiDAR data in the study of the matter balance of glaciers. The paper attempts to apply it to the study of the matter balance changes of glaciers and has a bright future.