文蛤是我国常见的经济贝类,广泛分布在我国的各个海区。文蛤为蛤中精品,享有“天下第一鲜”的盛名, 文蛤的壳在药典上称蛤壳,可作药材治病。近几年来,由于市场的大量需求,采捕量上升,长此下去必然造成文蛤资源的破坏,因此,开展文蛤的人工育苗有着重要意义。现将文蛤的人工育苗技术简述如下： 1 文蛤的繁殖习性及发育文蛤为雌雄异体,2年性成熟,成熟的性腺包围在内脏团周围并延伸至足的基部,雌性呈奶黄色,雄性呈乳白色。卵呈圆球状,卵径为70～90μm,为沉性卵。当肥满度达到26%以上时为文蛤的繁殖盛期。繁殖期水温为20～30%,最适宜水温为25℃左右,温度越高性腺发育和成熟越快。根据性腺在内脏团的丰满度分为5期,0 期：内脏团表面透明,清晰可见,没有性腺分布,体质 Clam is a common economic shellfish in China, widely distributed in various sea areas of our country. Clam clams in the boutique, enjoy the “best in the world” reputation, Clam shell in the Pharmacopoeia said clam shell, can be used as medicine cure. In recent years, due to the huge demand in the market, the volume of harvest increases, and the damage to the resources of clam will inevitably be caused in the long run. Therefore, it is of great significance to carry out artificial breeding of clams. Clam artificial breeding technology now briefly described as follows: 1 clam breeding habits and development of clams for dioecious, 2-year-old mature, mature gonads surrounded the visceral mass and extended to the foot of the base, the female was milk yellow, male was milky. Eggs were spherical, egg diameter of 70 ~ 90μm, a sinking eggs. When the fatness reached more than 26% for the breeding of clams. Breeding water temperature is 20 ~ 30%, the most suitable water temperature is about 25 ℃, the higher the temperature gonadal development and maturation faster. According to the gonadal mass in the visceral mass is divided into 5, 0: Visceral mass surface is transparent, clearly visible, no gonadal distribution, physical