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以黑龙江省莲花湖库区落叶松水源涵养林为研究对象,运用地统计学理论与方法对森林表层土壤水分-物理性质进行空间异质性分析。结果表明:土壤含水量、土壤容重、毛管孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度均服从对数正态分布;非毛管孔隙度最优拟合模型是球状模型,其它均为指数模型。土壤含水量、土壤容重、毛管孔隙度和非毛管孔隙度块金值分别为0.165,0.045,0.234,0.240;变程分别为24.72 m,41.04 m,46.02 m,5.66 m;结构比分别为0.848,0.967,0.816,0.760;分数维分别为1.810,1.697,1.769,1.983;空间自相关系数最大值分别为0.483、0.628、0.531、0.104。可见4个因子空间自相关性均较强,并且随着空间距离增大,相关性逐渐减弱。其中土壤容重均-性较强;非毛管孔隙度空间分布形态较复杂,破碎化程度高。
Taking Larch forest for water conservation in Lianhua Lake reservoir area of Heilongjiang Province as the research object, the spatial heterogeneity of forest soil moisture and physical properties was analyzed by geostatistical theory and method. The results showed that soil moisture content, soil bulk density, capillary porosity and non-capillary porosity all obey the logarithm normal distribution. The optimal fitting model for non-capillary porosity was spherical model, others were exponential model. The values of soil water content, soil bulk density, capillary porosity and non-capillary porosity were 0.165, 0.045, 0.234 and 0.240 respectively, and the ranges were 24.72 m, 41.04 m, 46.02 m and 5.66 m respectively. The structural ratios were 0.848, 0.967,0.816,0.760; the fractal dimension was 1.810,1.697,1.769,1.983 respectively; the maximum of spatial autocorrelation coefficient was 0.483,0.628,0.531,0.104 respectively. It can be seen that the spatial autocorrelation of the four factors are strong, and as the spatial distance increases, the correlation decreases gradually. Among them, the soil bulk density is more homogeneous and the non-capillary porosity is more complex in shape and fragmentation.