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语气是动词的一种形式,表示说话人对发生的动作或所处的状态持有的态度或看法。英语中有三种语气:陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。其中,虚拟语气表明假想的、不真实的情况或一种不能实现的愿望。本文就虚拟语气在高中阶段经常出现的几种情况作一总结。
一、虚拟语气在状语从句中的应用
(一)虚拟语气在“if”引导的条件状语从句中的应用
(1)表示与现在事实相反。从句谓语动词用过去式,碰到be的形式用were,主句谓语用would(should。could,might) 动词原形。如:
If the weather were fine,they would go for a swim,(事实上天气不好)
(2)表示与过去事实相反。从句谓语动词用过去完成式,主句谓语用would(should,could,might) have 过去分词。如:
If had taken his advice,I should not have madesuch a mistake,(事实上我当初没采纳他的建议)
(3)表示很可能与将来情况相反。从句谓语动词常常用“过去式或were to 动词原形或should 动词原形”,主句谓语动词用“should,would,could,might 动词原形”。如:
If you dropped/were to drop,should drop the glass,itwould break,(事实上你不会把玻璃摔下来)
在if状语从句中需注意下列几种情况:
1.if可以省略,而把were,had或should移到主语之
一、虚拟语气在状语从句中的应用
(一)虚拟语气在“if”引导的条件状语从句中的应用
(1)表示与现在事实相反。从句谓语动词用过去式,碰到be的形式用were,主句谓语用would(should。could,might) 动词原形。如:
If the weather were fine,they would go for a swim,(事实上天气不好)
(2)表示与过去事实相反。从句谓语动词用过去完成式,主句谓语用would(should,could,might) have 过去分词。如:
If had taken his advice,I should not have madesuch a mistake,(事实上我当初没采纳他的建议)
(3)表示很可能与将来情况相反。从句谓语动词常常用“过去式或were to 动词原形或should 动词原形”,主句谓语动词用“should,would,could,might 动词原形”。如:
If you dropped/were to drop,should drop the glass,itwould break,(事实上你不会把玻璃摔下来)
在if状语从句中需注意下列几种情况:
1.if可以省略,而把were,had或should移到主语之
