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目的观察微波辐射后大鼠窦房结组织结构的改变及其与辐射剂量之间的关系。方法采用0、5、10、50 mW/cm2的微波辐射120只二级Wistar雄性大鼠,辐射时间为6 min,分别于辐射后1 d、7 d、14 d、28 d、3 m、6 m活杀,取窦房结组织制作石蜡切片,采用光镜HE、Masson染色和图象分析技术,观察窦房结组织结构和胶原含量的改变。结果 (1)5 mW/cm2组大鼠窦房结组织结构未见明显异常;10和50 mW/cm2组于辐射后1 d,大鼠窦房结内见P、T细胞水肿;之后损伤逐渐加重,于辐射后14 d,窦房结内P、T细胞排列紊乱,部分细胞胞浆凝聚甚至核固缩;辐射后28 d至6 m,损伤呈逐渐恢复趋势,但6 m仍未恢复正常。(2)50 mW/cm2组于辐射后3 mP<0.05)和6 m(P<0.01)窦房结内胶原纤维含量显著增加。上述改变呈一定的剂量效应关系。结论 10mW/cm2～50 mW/cm2的微波辐射可造成大鼠窦房结组织结构的损伤,且与辐射剂量呈正相关。
Objective To observe the changes of sinoatrial node structure and the relationship between the dose and the radiation dose after microwave radiation in rats. Methods 120 Wistar male rats were irradiated with 0, 5, 10, 50 mW / cm2 microwaves for 6 min. The rats were irradiated for 1, 7, 14, 28, 3, 6 m live to kill, take the node tissue of the heart to make paraffin section, using light microscopy HE, Masson staining and image analysis techniques to observe the changes in the structure of the sinus node tissue and collagen content. Results (1) No significant abnormalities were found in the structure of sinoatrial node in 5 mW / cm2 group; P and T cell edema were seen in the sinus node of rat in 10 and 50 mW / cm2 group 14 days after radiation, the P and T cells in the sinoatrial node were disordered and some of the cells were cytoplasm aggregated and even nuclear pyknotic. At 28 d to 6 m after radiation, the injury tended to recover but the 6 m had not returned to normal . (2) The content of collagen fibers in the sinoatrial node increased significantly at 3 mP <0.05 and 6 m (P <0.01) in 50 mW / cm2 group. The above changes showed a dose-response relationship. Conclusion The microwave radiation of 10 mW / cm2 ~ 50 mW / cm2 can cause the damage of the sino-atrial structure in rats and is positively correlated with the radiation dose.