为探讨肾移植术后真菌感染的预防及治疗，对肾移植术后２８例发生真菌感染患者的临床资料和在３２例新移植患者中应用氟康唑预防真菌感染的资料进行分析。结果预防用药的３２例术后均未发生真菌感染；２８例感染者中，２３例治愈，５例死亡。认为对于术后真菌感染，重点在于针对诱发因素进行预防，早期诊断，及时应用氟康唑能有效地治疗真菌感染，移植后常规应用氟康唑可有效预防真菌感染的发生。 To investigate the prevention and treatment of fungal infection after renal transplantation, the clinical data of 28 patients with fungal infection after renal transplantation and the data of prevention of fungal infection with fluconazole in 32 newly transplanted patients were analyzed. Results None of the 32 patients who received prophylaxis had any fungal infection after surgery. Of the 28 infected patients, 23 were cured and 5 died. For the postoperative fungal infection, the focus is on the prevention of induction factors, early diagnosis, timely application of fluconazole can effectively treat fungal infections, routine use of fluconazole after transplantation can effectively prevent the occurrence of fungal infections.