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在水库泄洪或支流单独涨水的长河段,入流和出流过程的关系有三种类型,一般的洪水演算方法不适用于B、C型。作者乃根据河道洪水波传播受推移和调蓄两种作用的原理和杜格、纳什瞬时单位线的概念,提出迟滞瞬时单位线。本文综合了作者和国内同志在这方面的研究,包括公式推导、时段转换、参数定量、特性分析和实例对比。同时本文将迟滞、纳什、马司京干法三种瞬时单位线及各种滞后演算法进行比较,又讨论了存在问题。认为迟滞瞬时单位线法既避免了负反应,又因推移作用,能调整峰型,弹性较大,还可获得nτ的预见期,比其他演算方法优越。
There are three types of relationship between inflow and outflow in the long reach of flood discharge or tributaries alone. The general methods of flood calculation do not apply to type B and C. The author proposed the hysteresis instantaneous unit line according to the principle that the flood waves of the river channel are affected by the two functions of shifting and adjusting and storing, and the concept of Dug and Nash instantaneous unit lines. This article synthesizes the author and the domestic comrade in this aspect research, including formula derivation, the time period transformation, the parameter quantification, the characteristic analysis and the example comparison. At the same time, this article compares three kinds of instantaneous unit lines such as hysteresis, Nash, and Maschine, and various lagging algorithms, and discusses the existing problems. Hysteresis instantaneous unit line method that both to avoid the negative reaction, but also because of the role of migration, can adjust the peak type, greater flexibility, but also get n t forecast period, superior to other calculus methods.