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针对吹气法制备的高孔隙率闭孔泡沫铝,通过实验和有限元分析研究泡壁材料性能对其压缩性能的影响。向添加陶瓷颗粒的A356合金熔体中吹气发泡制备实验样品并进行单向压缩。通过光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察泡壁的微观组织和断口组织。结果表明,泡壁中存在的颗粒团聚、孔洞等缺陷和氧化膜削弱了其性能,因此,泡沫材料的性能与原材料性能有很大差别。基于原材料性能和实体材料性能的实验结果,对泡沫铝理想三维结构进行有限元分析。材料的平台应力与泡沫材料的屈服强度成正比。有限元模拟结果稍高于实验结果,其部分原因是将实体材料性能看做泡壁材料性能导致的。
Aimed at the high porosity closed-cell foam aluminum prepared by air-blowing method, the influence of the properties of the foam wall material on its compressive properties was studied by means of experiments and finite element analysis. Air-blown foams were added to the A356 alloy melt to which ceramic particles were added to prepare test specimens and unidirectionally compressed. The microstructures and fracture structures of the cell walls were observed by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the properties of the foamed material are different from those of the raw materials. Based on the experimental results of raw material properties and solid material properties, the finite element analysis of the ideal three-dimensional structure of aluminum foam was carried out. The material’s platform stress is proportional to the yield strength of the foam. Finite element simulation results are slightly higher than the experimental results, due in part to the physical material properties as a result of bubble wall material properties.