癌症引起的厌食症和恶病质(CAC)是一种复杂的综合征,可能由代谢异常、宿主免疫系统产生致炎细胞因子、体循环中肿瘤产生的分解代谢因子、摄食减少等因素引起。在众多治疗药物中,孕激素类药物被认为是目前治疗CAC最有效最安全的药物。此外,处于研究阶段的药物还有沙利度胺、己酮可可碱和褪黑激素,主要作用于细胞因子的释放;另外还有克仑特罗,其可作用于肌肉并拮抗蛋白质的消耗。 研究提示,CAC的一线治疗药物为合成孕激素类药物如甲地孕酮和甲羟孕酮,也可合用抗氧剂与化疗方法。 Cancer-induced anorexia and cachexia (CAC) is a complex syndrome that may be caused by metabolic abnormalities, pro-inflammatory cytokines produced by the host’s immune system, catabolic factors produced by the tumor in circulation, reduced feeding, and the like. Among the many therapeutic drugs, progestin drugs are considered as the most effective and safe drug currently available for treating CAC. In addition, the drugs under study include thalidomide, pentoxifylline and melatonin, which act primarily on the release of cytokines; and clenbuterol, which acts on the muscles and counteracts protein consumption. Studies suggest that CAC’s first-line treatment for the synthesis of progestin drugs such as megestrol and medroxyprogesterone, but also combined with antioxidants and chemotherapy.