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本文着重阐明山东省棕壤形成的特点,并与褐土作了比较。棕壤形成的特点,突出反映在淋溶作用和粘化作用较褐土强。它一般呈酸性至微酸性,盐基不饱和至饱和,不含游离碳酸钙;褐土呈中性至碱性,盐基过饱和,多数含游离碳酸钙,假菌丝体发达。发育良好的棕壤剖面,不仅有粘粒的移动,而且有铁锰的淋溶淀积;褐土虽有粘粒的移动,但不如棕壤明显,且无铁锰淋溶淀积特征。
This paper focuses on the characteristics of brown soil formation in Shandong Province and compares it with that of cinnamon soil. The characteristics of brown soil formation are highlighted by the stronger leaching and caking effects than the cinnamon soil. It is generally acidic to slightly acidic, unsaturated salt base to saturation, free calcium carbonate; cinnamon was neutral to alkaline, salt-based supersaturated, most containing free calcium carbonate, pseudohyphae developed. The well-developed brown soil profiles not only have the movement of clay particles, but also have the leaching and deposition of iron and manganese. Although the movement of clay particles is not obvious as that of brown soil, there is no iron-manganese leaching and deposition.