目前随着城市轨道交通在高速的发展,道岔作为最基础的信号设备也在不断的改进和发展。以上海轨道交通为例,以前正线主要使用单开道岔,目前在上海地铁10号线正线中已经使用了三开道岔,可以说是道岔这一基础信号设备的一次重大挑战式地应用。三开道岔由于其占地面积小、工程成本低的优点,非常适合上海轨道交通的现状,可以说是将来上海轨道交通发展的方向。然而,在结构应用上、电路设计上,三开道岔都与传统的单开道岔有着一定的区别。本文就以上海轨道交通为例,把单开道岔和三开道岔这几项最本质的区别进行了论述,希望能再明确最基本区别之后,能为之后的检修三开道岔做好铺垫,打下理论依据。 At present, with the rapid development of urban rail transit, turnout as the most basic signal equipment is also constantly improving and developing. Taking Shanghai’s rail transit as an example, the single-turnout previously used mainly in the main line has now used the three-turnout in the line of the Shanghai Metro Line 10, which can be said to be a major and challenging application of the turnout as a basic signaling device. Due to its small area and low engineering cost, the three-turnout is very suitable for the current situation of Shanghai’s rail transit, so it can be said that it will be the future direction of Shanghai’s rail transit. However, in the structural application, the circuit design, three-turnout with the traditional single-turnout has a certain difference. Taking Shanghai’s rail transit as an example, this paper discusses the most essential differences between the single-turnout and the three-turnout. After hoping to clarify the most basic differences, it can pave the way for the maintenance of the three-turnout later Theoretical basis.