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在城市地区发生的大地震可以造成重大人员伤亡,引发社会和经济灾难。地震预警(Earthquake Early Warning,EEW)可以提供秒到分钟的警报,让人们转移到安全区,使工厂停工,车辆减速和刹车。目前世界上只在少数国家使用传统的地震台网和大地测量观测网运行EEW系统。智能手机比传统地震台网更为广泛和普及,它内置了可检测地震的加速度计。我们开发了一种新的测震系统称为MyShake,它利用智能手机内置传感器来收集数据并分析地震。智能手机MyShake系统可以从日常的各种震动中检测到距手机10km或以内的5级地震。这些数据汇集到观测中心,经过一定的算法处理,可以实时测定地震的位置和震级,发出地震预警信息,证明我们的理念是可行的。对没有地震预警系统的区域,MyShake系统可提供地震预警,而对有预警系统的区域,MyShake系统是对原系统预警能力的补充和增强。此外,该系统地震波形记录可以用来提供快速地震烈度图,以评估地震对建筑物的影响,还可以获取地球内部浅层结构图像和地震破裂过程。
A major earthquake in urban areas can cause heavy casualties, triggering social and economic disasters. The Earthquake Early Warning (EEW) provides seconds to minute alerts to move people to a safe area, shutting down factories, decelerating vehicles and braking. At present, the EEW system is operated in only a few countries using the traditional seismic network and geodetic observation network. Smartphones are more widespread and popular than traditional seismographs and have built-in accelerometers that detect earthquakes. We developed a new seismic system called MyShake, which uses a smartphone’s built-in sensor to collect data and analyze earthquakes. The MyShake smartphone detects level 5 earthquakes 10km or less from your daily vibrations. These data are collected to the observation center, and after certain algorithms are processed, the location and magnitude of the earthquake can be measured in real time and the earthquake warning information can be sent out to prove that our concept is feasible. For areas without earthquake early warning system, the MyShake system can provide earthquake early warning. For areas with early warning system, the MyShake system complements and strengthens the early warning system of the original system. In addition, the system’s seismic waveform records can be used to provide fast seismic intensity maps to assess the effects of earthquakes on buildings and also to obtain images of earth’s interior shallow structures and seismic ruptures.