医疗用水蛭学名是Hirudo medicinalis.这是一种体型较小的水陆两栖无脊椎动物,分成32节,每节含初级脑。水蛭吸食哺乳动物的血,有时也吸蝌蚪、青蛙和鱼血。水蛭有尖锐细小的牙齿,吸血时不易感觉到。水蛭的唾液腺产生抗凝剂,可能也有局麻作用。几百年前,水蛭就用于治病。水蛭曾用于消除眼周血肿和指趾再植,整形外科和颌面外科医生也常用水蛭来处理皮肌瓣和皮肤静脉充血。 Hirudo medicinalis, a medicinal leech, is a smaller amphibious invertebrate divided into 32 sections, each containing primary brain. Leechs feed on mammalian blood, sometimes tadpoles, frogs, and fish and blood. Leech has sharp small teeth, vampire is not easy to feel. Leech salivary glands produce anticoagulants, may also have local anesthetic effects. Hundreds of years ago, leeches were used for healing. Leech has been used to eliminate peripheral hematoma and replantation of digits, while orthopedic surgeons and maxillofacial surgeons also use leech to treat skin flap and skin venous congestion.