乳腺癌发病率逐年升高,且年轻化趋势明显,术后乳房缺失给患者生活、工作、心理带来诸多不便,影响社会适应性。伴随显微外科技术的进步,利用自体组织进行乳腺癌术后I期或延期乳房重建成为可能,且相对延期乳房重建而言,Ⅰ期乳房再造能够获得更理想的术后美容效果,已成为乳腺癌手术的组成部分。然而,受传统观念的影响,该项技术并未得到较为普遍的实施,且医疗设备及外科手术技术也存在尚需改进之处,重建后皮瓣坏死等并发症长期困扰外科医师,甚至影响了部分医疗单位该手术的进一步开展。本文通过综述近年来国内外乳腺癌术后乳房重建的研究进展,寻求适应不同人群的手术方式,降低术后并发症的发生率,希望为国内该项手术的开展提供借鉴。 The incidence of breast cancer increased year by year, and the younger the trend is obvious, postoperative breast loss to patients living, working, psychological inconvenience, affecting social adaptability. With advances in microsurgery technology, the use of autologous tissue for postoperative I or delayed breast reconstruction of breast cancer is possible, and the relative extension of breast reconstruction, stage I breast reconstruction can achieve better postoperative cosmetic results, has become a breast An integral part of cancer surgery. However, due to the influence of traditional concepts, the technology has not been widely applied. There are still some improvements in medical equipment and surgical techniques. The complications such as necrosis of skin flap after reconstruction have long plagued the surgeons and even affected the Some medical units to carry out the operation further. This review summarizes the research progress of postoperative breast reconstruction in breast cancer at home and abroad in recent years, and seeks to adapt to different groups of surgical methods and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications, hoping to provide reference for the operation of this operation in China.