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农机购置补贴政策对我国农业机械化的发展有着重要的推动和导向作用,其政策的效果值得特别关注。基于农机作业服务供给者的视角,构建了大型农机需求的理论模型,运用双对数模型和13个粮食主产省的面板数据,分析农机购置补贴政策的效果,探讨大型农机需求的影响因素。结果表明,农机购置补贴政策显著提高了农机作业服务供给者对大型农机的需求;然而,对大型农机需求的促进作用最为强烈的是农机作业收入,这与农机作业服务供给者追求收益最大化的目标相吻合;农机价格和农民购买农机的个人投入并没有显著影响大型农机需求。此外,大型农机的需求在不同区域之间存在差异,华北、华中、华东、东北对大型农机需求都显著高于西南地区。基于培养农机作业服务供给主体、促进农机作业服务供给的目的,提出:一是农机购置补贴向农机服务供给主体倾斜,更加注重向大型农机调整,同时要注意中央补贴和地方补贴的联合配套使用;二是提供农机作业补贴及相关优惠政策。
The purchase subsidy policy of agricultural machinery plays an important role in promoting the development of agricultural mechanization in our country. The effect of its policy deserves special attention. Based on the perspective of agricultural machinery service providers, this paper constructs a theoretical model of large-scale agricultural machinery demand, analyzes the effect of agricultural machinery purchase subsidy policy by using double logarithm model and panel data of 13 major grain-producing provinces, and discusses the influencing factors of large-scale agricultural machinery demand. The results show that the purchase subsidy policy of agricultural machinery significantly improves the demand of agricultural machinery service providers for large-scale agricultural machinery. However, the greatest contribution to the demand of large-scale agricultural machinery is the agricultural machinery operating income, which is in line with the maximization of the income of agricultural machinery service providers The goal is consistent; farm machinery prices and farmers to buy agricultural machinery did not significantly affect the individual needs of large-scale agricultural machinery. In addition, the demand for large-scale agricultural machinery varies in different regions. The demand for large-scale agricultural machinery in North China, Central China, East China and Northeast China is significantly higher than that in Southwest China. Based on the purpose of cultivating the main body of agricultural machinery service and promoting the supply of agricultural machinery service, this paper puts forward the following aspects: First, agricultural machinery purchase subsidy tilts to the main body of agricultural machinery service supply and pays more attention to the adjustment of large-scale agricultural machinery, meanwhile it should pay attention to the joint use of central subsidy and local subsidy; The second is to provide agricultural subsidies and related preferential policies.