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目的分析济南市农药中毒的流行特点,探讨防治措施。方法选择2007—2012年济南市农药中毒报告的4 186例病例,按年龄、性别、时间及地区分布特征以及农药中毒种类等进行回顾性分析。结果 6年间农药中毒发病趋势呈波动性变化,2012年农药中毒的发病例数明显下降(548例),为6年中发病例数最少的年份。但是6年间病死率却逐年升高(P<0.01)。非生产性农药中毒占农药中毒总数的93.88%。农药中毒者以女性居多,主要农药类别是杀虫剂(有机磷杀虫剂)中毒,其次为除草剂中毒。发生中毒时间集中在第3季度。中毒的高发地区为章丘市。结论应普及农药毒害知识,特别是加强对剧毒农药的管理以及提高基层医院对剧毒农药的救治技术,加强心理疏导,加强网络直报管理,尤其要关注儿童、老年人和女性这些弱势群体。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of pesticide poisoning in Jinan and to discuss the prevention and cure measures. Methods A total of 4 186 reported cases of pesticide poisoning in Jinan City from 2007 to 2012 were retrospectively analyzed according to their age, sex, time and geographical distribution as well as the types of pesticide poisoning. Results The trend of pesticide poisoning fluctuated during the past six years. The incidence of pesticide poisoning in 2012 dropped significantly (548 cases), which was the year with the lowest number of cases in six years. However, the six-year mortality rate increased year by year (P <0.01). Non-productive pesticide poisoning accounted for 93.88% of the total number of pesticide poisonings. Pesticide poisoning is dominated by women, with the main pesticides being pesticide (organophosphate insecticide) poisoning, followed by herbicide poisoning. The poisoning time concentrated in the third quarter. High incidence of poisoning area Zhangqiu City. Conclusions Knowledge of pesticide poisoning should be popularized, especially the management of highly toxic pesticides and the treatment of highly toxic pesticides in grass-roots hospitals should be strengthened, psychological counseling should be strengthened, and the management of network direct reports should be strengthened. Particular attention should be paid to such vulnerable groups as children, the elderly and women .