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发作性睡病是一种以嗜睡为主要临床表现的慢性快速眼动睡眠期睡眠障碍疾病,常见的四大临床表现包括日间过度睡眠、猝倒发作、入睡前/睡眠幻觉、睡眠瘫痪.发作性睡病常起病于儿童期,儿童起病症状不典型,语言表达能力有限,且当前无针对儿童的特殊诊断标准等均增加了疾病的漏诊率和误诊率.文章着重综述儿童发作性睡病的发病机制、儿童有别于成人的临床症状、鉴别诊断及治疗等.“,”Narcolepsy is a chronic rapid eye movement sleep disorder that is characterized by lethargy and its four common clinical features are excessive daytime sleeps, cataplexy, hypnagogic and hypnopompic hallucinations, and sleep paralysis. Narcolepsy onset usually occurs in childhood. Because of the onset with atypical symptoms, the poor expression in children and currently no special diagnostic criteria for children, the rate of missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis were increased in children. This paper reviews the progress of research in pathogenesis of narcolepsy and the differences of children from adult in clinical symptoms, diagnosis and treatment.