[Objective]To identify the microscopic characteristics of Salvia deserta Schang.[Method]S.deserta was made into paraffin,surface,dissociation and powder slices.Their microscopic characteristics were observed,described,photographed,and developed by conventional methods of pharmacognostical identification.[Result]Microscopic and physicochemical identification were carried out on the characters of medicinal materials,cross section,dissociated tissue and powder of roots,dissociated tissue and powder of stems,blade surface,and pollen grain.[Conclusion] The method is proved to be simple,rapid and it can provide identification basis for searching and developing TCM resources in Xinjiang Province.